{"id":95,"date":"2021-04-13T09:08:56","date_gmt":"2021-04-13T07:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/?page_id=95"},"modified":"2021-04-13T09:08:56","modified_gmt":"2021-04-13T07:08:56","slug":"norsko-historie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/evropska-federace-remesel\/norsko-historie\/","title":{"rendered":"Norsko &#8211; historie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lidovaremesla.cz\/images\/Norway.gif\" alt=\"Norsko\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly norsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace dom\u00e1c\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emeslnictv\u00ed v roce 1994<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Federace poskytuje celon\u00e1rodn\u00ed konzulta\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017ebu pro \u0159emeslnictv\u00ed, kterou financuje vl\u00e1da a m\u011bla za posledn\u00edch deset let t\u0159i \u010dlensk\u00e9 kategorie:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>lok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00e9 organizace, kter\u00e9 pracuj\u00ed soci\u00e1ln\u011b a kulturn\u011b<\/li><li>\u0159emeslnick\u00e9 obchody, kter\u00e9 z\u010d\u00e1sti vlastn\u00ed lok\u00e1ln\u00ed organizace<\/li><li>organizace lok\u00e1ln\u00edch \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u011bnuj\u00ed produkci \u0159emesln\u00fdch produkt\u016f k&nbsp;prodeji.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Koncem roku 1992 se konzultanti \u0159emesel obr\u00e1tili na P\u0159edstavenstvo Federace, aby posoudilo strukturu organizace, proto\u017ee shled\u00e1vali, \u017ee jejich pr\u00e1ce je \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1le v\u00edc frustrovala, kdy\u017e se sna\u017eili dost\u00e1t po\u017eadavk\u016fm t\u0159\u00ed \u010dlensk\u00fdch kategori\u00ed. Konzultanti pot\u0159ebovali jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sm\u011brnice ze strany P\u0159edstavenstva, aby mohli poskytovat sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby na uspokojiv\u011b profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0159edstavenstvo se d\u00edky tomuto popudu rozhodlo odstartovat organiza\u010dn\u011b-v\u00fdvojov\u00fd projekt v&nbsp;lednu roku 1993. Projekt nazvali &#8222;Identita a v\u00fdvoj&#8220;. Jeho c\u00edlem bylo diskutovat a navrhnout:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>z\u00e1kladn\u00ed hodnoty aktivit Federace<\/li><li>vize, k&nbsp;n\u00ed\u017e by m\u011bla Federace sm\u011b\u0159ovat<\/li><li>opera\u010dn\u00ed my\u0161lenka, kter\u00e1 by byla vyu\u017eita coby sm\u011brnice pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/li><li>strategick\u00fd pl\u00e1n akce z&nbsp;perspektivy p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edch deseti let.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Hlavn\u00edm c\u00edlem projektu bylo uv\u00e9st Federaci coby v\u00fdznamnou kulturn\u00ed slo\u017eku spole\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed sch\u016fze v&nbsp;roce 1993 se staly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro prezentaci cel\u00e9 \u0159ady nov\u00fdch n\u00e1pad\u016f. V\u0161echny skupiny diskutovaly o z\u00e1kladn\u00edch hodnot\u00e1ch a siln\u00fdch a slab\u00fdch bodech Federace. \u010clenov\u00e9 byli rovn\u011b\u017e vyzv\u00e1ni k&nbsp;tomu, aby p\u0159edkl\u00e1dali n\u00e1vrhy zm\u011bn nutn\u00fdch k&nbsp;zdokonalen\u00ed organizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Speci\u00e1ln\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 skupina, kter\u00e1 ji\u017e rok spolupracuje, sv\u00e9 n\u00e1vrhy p\u0159ednese na ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed sch\u016fzi v&nbsp;z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed tohoto roku. Z&nbsp;n\u00e1vrh\u016f skupiny P\u0159edstavenstvo schv\u00e1lilo n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aktivity Norsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace pro dom\u00e1c\u00ed um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emesla jsou zalo\u017eeny na t\u011bchto lidsk\u00fdch hodnot\u00e1ch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Bl\u00edzk\u00fd vztah &#8211; k&nbsp;na\u0161im ko\u0159en\u016fm &#8211; k&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b<\/li><li>Radost &#8211; z kreativity &#8211; dobr\u00e9ho designu &#8211; rozli\u010dnost vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed &#8211; soun\u00e1le\u017eitosti<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Vize<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u0161em lidem \u017eij\u00edc\u00edm v&nbsp;Norsku se mus\u00ed umo\u017enit, aby si vyzkou\u0161eli radost z&nbsp;tvo\u0159en\u00ed a u\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 ko\u0159eny v&nbsp;popul\u00e1rn\u00ed tradici.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Podnikatelsk\u00fd koncept<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Norsk\u00e1 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace dom\u00e1c\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emesel se bude pod\u00edlet na pos\u00edlen\u00ed \u017eivouc\u00ed tradice dom\u00e1c\u00edho lidov\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emesel v&nbsp;Norsku organizov\u00e1n\u00edm aktivit a postup\u016f sestaven\u00fdch tak, aby stimuloval z\u00e1jem ve\u0159ejnosti o v\u011bdomosti z n\u00e1rodn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emesla a propagoval produkci a prodej zbo\u017e\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed um\u011bleck\u00e9 a \u0159emesln\u00e9 v\u00fdroby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Berit Amundsen<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kolekce stopa<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pozad\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee zimn\u00ed olympi\u00e1da v&nbsp;Lillehammeru v&nbsp;roce 1994 poslou\u017eila i jako v\u00fdkladn\u00ed sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148 norsk\u00e9mu um\u011bn\u00ed stejn\u011b dob\u0159e, jako sportu. Norges Husflidslag (NH- Norsk\u00e1 federace dom\u00e1c\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emesel) se zaslou\u017eila o jednu z&nbsp;v\u00fdstav v&nbsp;kulturn\u00edm programu, a o vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 kolekce norsk\u00fdch \u0159emesln\u00fdch produkt\u016f pro olympijsk\u00e9 hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;sou\u010dasnosti existuje zna\u010dn\u00fd z\u00e1jem o \u00e9ru Viking\u016f (800 &#8211; 1500 na\u0161eho letopo\u010dtu), ale na trhu se vyskytuje pouze n\u011bkolik m\u00e1lo kvalitn\u00edch produkt\u016f. Je ale snadn\u00e9 nal\u00e9zt typick\u00e9 zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed vikingsk\u00e9ho kli\u0161\u00e9. NH vy\u017eadovala, aby se na trh vnesly nov\u00e9 a lep\u0161\u00ed produkty ve v\u00ed\u0159e, \u017ee o n\u011b bude na trhu seri\u00f3zn\u00ed z\u00e1jem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NH rovn\u011b\u017e spat\u0159ovala nutnost zm\u011bny p\u0159\u00edstupu v\u016f\u010di na\u0161\u00ed organizaci a na\u0161im produkt\u016fm. Existuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 projevy nezaj\u00edmavosti, vypo\u010ditatelnosti, ale i nedostatek styku s&nbsp;modern\u00edm designem. Proto byla vyhl\u00e1\u0161ena sout\u011b\u017e pro \u0159emesln\u00edky (\u010dleny i ne\u010dleny NH) na v\u00fdrobky, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly b\u00fdt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>inspirov\u00e1ny vikingskou \u00e9rou<\/li><li>omezen\u00e9 na specifick\u00fd barevn\u00fd program<\/li><li>pou\u017eiteln\u00e9 pro aktivity venku v&nbsp;zim\u011b nebo pro u\u017eitek u stolu<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V\u00fdvoj v\u00fdrobk\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Byla sestavena n\u00e1rodn\u00ed komise k&nbsp;posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1dala z&nbsp;v\u011bhlasn\u00fdch designer\u016f, \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f a p\u0159edstavitel\u016f NH. Po posouzen\u00ed zaslala komise dopis v\u0161em \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016fm, v&nbsp;n\u011bm\u017e uv\u00e1d\u011bla siln\u00e9 a slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky jejich v\u00fdrobk\u016f. Odm\u00edtnut\u00e9 produkty doprov\u00e1zel p\u00edsemn\u00fd d\u016fvod k&nbsp;odm\u00edtnut\u00ed. \u0158emesln\u00edci, jejich\u017e v\u00fdrobky byly schv\u00e1leny, tak dostali podn\u011bty a inspiraci k&nbsp;dal\u0161\u00edmu v\u00fdvoji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm aspektem procesu posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed byl p\u0159\u00edstup k &#8222;ne dostate\u010dn\u011b dobr\u00fdm&#8220; v\u00fdrobk\u016fm. \u0158emesln\u00edci byli vyzv\u00e1ni, aby v&nbsp;souladu s&nbsp;posuzovac\u00edmi v\u00fdroky komise provedli zm\u011bny a zaslali takto zdokonalen\u00e9 produkty ke dal\u0161\u00edmu posouzen\u00ed. To fungovalo opravdu p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b dob\u0159e. \u0158ada v\u00fdrobk\u016f byla zna\u010dn\u011b zdokonalena a pozd\u011bji na sch\u016fzi komise p\u0159ijata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1zory na inspiraci vikingskou \u00e9rou. Sout\u011b\u017e prok\u00e1zala, \u017ee nor\u0161t\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00edci definuj\u00ed inspiraci &#8222;vikingskou \u00e9rou&#8220; r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup 1: U\u017eit\u00ed \u0159emesln\u00fdch technik a materi\u00e1l\u016f vikingsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Vlna<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vikingsk\u00e9 \u017eeny p\u0159edly vlnu na ru\u010dn\u00edm v\u0159etenu a byly mistryn\u011bmi v&nbsp;tkan\u00ed l\u00e1tek na sv\u00fdch v\u0159etenovit\u00fdch tkalcovsk\u00fdch stavech, ale tak\u00e9 prosluly sv\u00fdmi tablet(?) tkaninami a tvorbou s\u00ed\u0165ovin bez uzl\u016f. Tyto suven\u00fdry se nyn\u00ed prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed i s &#8222;co a jak&#8220; popisem: Tkan\u00ed, Ru\u010dn\u00ed v\u0159eteno a &#8222;neuzlovac&#8220; jehla k&nbsp;\u0161it\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ovin. Nov\u00fdmi produkty jsou vln\u011bn\u00e9 \u010depice a rukavice vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 technikou s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed bez uzl\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>D\u0159evo<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vikingov\u00e9 byli mist\u0159i v&nbsp;d\u0159evorubectv\u00ed a jeho opracov\u00e1n\u00ed. Hrnek, kter\u00fd jsme mohli spat\u0159it d\u0159\u00edve tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad modern\u00ed adaptace techniky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Ko\u017ee\u0161iny<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ko\u017ee\u0161iny tvo\u0159ily v\u00fdznamn\u00fd exportn\u00ed produkt vikingsk\u00e9 \u00e9ry. Ko\u017ee\u0161iny novorozen\u00fdch kozl\u016f se dnes pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k&nbsp;tvorb\u011b modern\u00edch kab\u00e1tk\u016f a klobouk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup 2: Redefinice dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fdch tvar\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lo\u010f<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e1 obru\u010d na ubrousky ukazuje \u010d\u00e1st vikingsk\u00e9 lodi. Hlavn\u00edm vzorem pleten\u00fdch svetr\u016f je rovn\u011b\u017e z&nbsp;velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti lodn\u00ed tematika.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u0160t\u00edt<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>St\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 \u0161perky jsou zalo\u017eeny na \u0161t\u00edtovit\u00e9m tvaru, kter\u00fd se objevuje na n\u00e1hrdeln\u00edc\u00edch a n\u00e1ramc\u00edch apod.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vikingov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali tkan\u00e9 textilie, nic pleten\u00e9ho. Pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 byl v\u017edy p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm od\u011bv na ven. Modern\u00ed pleten\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 je v\u0161ak dostate\u010dn\u011b lehk\u00fd, aby se dal nosit i uvnit\u0159.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>P\u00e1nsk\u00e9 a d\u00e1msk\u00e9 od\u011bvy<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern\u00ed d\u00e1msk\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed sest\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed z&nbsp;velk\u00e9ho svetru a \u00fazk\u00fdch kalhot nese n\u011bkter\u00e9 podobn\u00e9 rysy k&nbsp;vikingsk\u00fdm p\u00e1nsk\u00fdm dost dlouh\u00fdm ko\u0161il\u00edm s&nbsp;dlouh\u00fdmi ruk\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 se nosily p\u0159es \u00fazk\u00e9 kalhoty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup 3: U\u017eit\u00ed dekorativn\u00edch prvk\u016f nov\u00fdmi zp\u016fsoby<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vstup pleten\u00e9ho zbo\u017e\u00ed byl velk\u00fd, jak se ostatn\u011b dalo v&nbsp;Norsku o\u010dek\u00e1vat. Mnoho tv\u016frc\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvalo ornamenty jako mince, d\u0159evoryty a dal\u0161\u00ed archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy v&nbsp;t\u011bchto designech.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tvar tohoto pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b a klobouku ur\u010duje design na lemech, kde se ukazuje p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159enesen\u00fd vzor z&nbsp;port\u00e1lu stavesk\u00e9ho(?) kostela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ru\u010dn\u011b tkan\u00e9 roho\u017ee a kobere\u010dky pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00fdch barev a vikingsk\u00fdch ornament\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edstup 4: Nalezen\u00ed inspirace v &#8222;Duchu \u00e9ry&#8220;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Jednoduchost<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dnes je v&nbsp;Norsku velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed soustru\u017een\u00ed d\u0159eva. P\u0159edveden\u00e9 misky maj\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd tvar, d\u00edky kter\u00e9mu jsou klasick\u00e9; mohly by pat\u0159it do kter\u00e9koli doby.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ve vikingsk\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch se do Norska dov\u00e1\u017eelo sklo. Tyto misky ale maj\u00ed jednoduch\u00fd tvar, kter\u00fd se jednodu\u0161e asociuje s&nbsp;funk\u010dnost\u00ed vikingsk\u00e9ho u\u017eitkov\u00e9ho n\u00e1dob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Prakti\u010dnost<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Velk\u00fd tal\u00ed\u0159, misky a sv\u00edcen jsou zhotoveny ze soustru\u017een\u00e9ho a nat\u0159en\u00e9ho d\u0159eva a vylo\u017eeny pewter(?) lemem. Keramika p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 keramiku z&nbsp;doby \u017eelezn\u00e9 bez toho, ani\u017e by ji kop\u00edrovala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Humor<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tvary ko\u017een\u00fdch kabel mo\u017en\u00e1 nenesou p\u0159\u00edmo podobn\u00e9 znaky s&nbsp;\u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdm vikingsk\u00fdm objektem, ale hrub\u00fd smysl pro humor, kter\u00fd vykazuj\u00ed, m\u00e1 rozhodn\u011b historick\u00e9 ko\u0159eny!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky jsme obdr\u017eeli?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee budou v\u00fdsledky jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a\u017e za n\u011bkolik let, ale zat\u00edm jsme dosp\u011bli k&nbsp;n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>proces posuzov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bl pozoruhodn\u011b dobr\u00fd efekt<\/li><li>na trh vstoupila cel\u00e1 \u0159ada nov\u00fdch kvalitn\u00edch produkt\u016f<\/li><li>mnoho z&nbsp;\u00fa\u010dastn\u00edc\u00edch se \u0159emesln\u00edk\u016f zaznamenalo vzr\u016fst prodeje a medi\u00e1ln\u00edho z\u00e1jmu<\/li><li>efekt PR byl p\u016fvodn\u011b dobr\u00fd, kdy\u017e produkty vstoupily na trh, ale zat\u00edm se n\u00e1m nepoda\u0159ilo produkty SPOR na trhu dlouhodob\u011b prosadit.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Trine Thommessen<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u00fakoly norsk\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed federace dom\u00e1c\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed a \u0159emeslnictv\u00ed v roce 1994 Federace poskytuje celon\u00e1rodn\u00ed konzulta\u010dn\u00ed slu\u017ebu pro \u0159emeslnictv\u00ed, kterou financuje vl\u00e1da a m\u011bla za &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":18,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-95","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/95","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=95"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/95\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96,"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/95\/revisions\/96"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lidovaremesla.cz\/web\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=95"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}